Download PDF by Theodore H. Bullock, Carl D. Hopkins, Arthur N. Popper,: Electroreception (Springer Handbook of Auditory Research)

By Theodore H. Bullock, Carl D. Hopkins, Arthur N. Popper, Richard R. Fay

Electroreception has turn into some of the most revealing parts within the research of the neural foundation of habit, and neurobiologists realize it as a version sensory process for experimental research. via reports of electroreception, researchers have won broad wisdom a couple of whole sensory approach, from molecular biology to computation, verbal exchange, and behaviour. The booklet Electroreception will study the habit, constitution, and serve as of the electrosensory structures of fish and different vertebrates. As a accomplished quantity at the topic, the ebook will function either an advent to the research of electroreception and a reference and assessment quantity for researchers in comparable fields.

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In addition to such neuroethological work, weakly electric fish have also proven to be excellent model systems to study cellular mechanisms governing the generation of new neurons in the adult central nervous system and the regeneration of central and peripheral structures. The superiority of weakly electric fish over other fishes for such research is based on the enormous body of information available on the anatomy and physiology of central structures. Originally, this wealth of data was established to understand how electric discharges are controlled and how electrosensory information is processed at central levels.

From Electrogenesis to Electroreception 21 (decrease) in temperature of 1ЊC (Fig. 8A). In Apteronotus leptorhynchus, this effect is even more pronounced, with a 1ЊC temperature change causing an alteration in EOD frequency of roughly 30 Hz (Fig. 8B). This effect also depends on the rapidity of the temperature change. The temperature-dependent alterations in EOD frequency are likely to be mediated by a direct action of ambient temperature on the activity of the pacemaker nucleus, as suggested by experiments in which the temperatures of the head and trunk were changed independently.

An exception is Astroscopus, in which the electric organ is composed of extraocular eye musculature and innervated by a specialized portion of the oculomotor complex of the midbrain. The pattern by which the electromotoneurons innervate the individual electrocytes varies greatly among species. Usually, the axons of the electromotoneurons terminate on one of two distinguishable faces of the electrocytes. In some cases, the innervation site exhibits a distinct evagination of the cell membrane; this morphological specialization is referred to as a stalk.

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