By Georgina Waylen
What has been the effect of transitions to democracy on gender kinfolk? What roles have women's mobilizations performed in procedures of democratization? In a brand new and over-arching thematic research, Engendering Transitions solutions those questions via evaluating the transitions from country socialism and authoritarianism that happened as a part of the "third wave" of democratization that swept the area from the mid Nineteen Seventies onwards.Using empirical fabric drawn from 8 case research international locations in East relevant Europe and Latin the US in addition to South Africa, Georgina Waylen explores the gendered constraints and possibilities supplied via tactics of democratization and financial restructuring. This booklet makes use of a cosmopolitan analytical framework that brings jointly the research of key actors and associations and indicates that, less than definite stipulations, transitions to democracy can lead to a few optimistic gender results reminiscent of advancements in women's political illustration and extra 'gender delicate' coverage in components corresponding to household violence. Georgina Waylen argues that women's mobilization in the course of transitions isn't any warrantly of luck and alter is simpler to accomplish in a few parts than others. realizing the jobs that may be performed by means of prepared women's hobbies, key actors and the broader political surroundings is important in aiding us to provide an explanation for why those gender results differ in several contexts. This booklet addresses vital debates in the research of either comparative politics and gender and politics and considerably improves our figuring out of the ways that transitions to democracy are gendered.
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Additional resources for Engendering transitions: women's mobilization, institutions, and gender outcomes
Sample text
Again few transition scholars have considered the ways in which these national and ethnic conflicts have been gendered for example with women often portrayed as the mothers of the nation. Despite Rustow’s influential () early argument that one of the prerequisites of successful democratization is the existence of an undisputed territorial unit in the form of a state, analyses of democratization have often neglected the importance of statehood, both in terms of state capacity but also in terms of the state as a coherent territorial unit.
The elite focus of many of the early actor-based models compounded this tendency to ignore the majority of women’s activities. However, this body of work still has much to offer a gendered analysis of transitions to democracy. Indeed, as we will see, some of the themes that are AN A L Y S I N G GE N D E R A N D TR A N S I T I O N S ❖ 16 important in the gender and politics literature, such as institutional choice and the role of political parties, are important here albeit for different reasons and in rather different ways.
Latin American countries such as Chile, Brazil, and Argentina have tended to adopt presidential systems, East Central Europe has a mixture of parliamentary and semi-presidential systems (of the premier presidential variety) and the ex-Soviet Union has mainly semi-presidential systems (of the presidential parliamentary variety). Linz (), later backed up by the quantitative analyses of Stepan and Skach (), has descried the perils of presidentialism, arguing that parliamentary systems outperform presidential ones and break down less often.
