By Erik Hollnagel
Книга instruction manual of Cognitive job layout instruction manual of Cognitive job layout Книги Психология, философия Автор: Erik Hollnagel Год издания: 2002 Формат: pdf Издат.:CRC Страниц: 840 Размер: 5,8 Mb ISBN: 0805840036 Язык: Английский0 (голосов: zero) Оценка:This instruction manual serves as a unmarried resource for theories, versions, and strategies relating to cognitive activity layout. It offers the medical and theoretical foundation required via business and educational researchers, in addition to the sensible and methodological information wanted through practitioners who face difficulties of creating secure and potent human-technology systems.Fundamental throughout a variety of disciplines, from army platforms to shopper items and procedure industries, cognitive activity layout covers the entire life-cycle of labor from pre-analysis, specification, layout, danger review, implementation, education, day-by-day operation, fault discovering, upkeep, and upgrading. It applies to humans, subtle machines, and to human-machine ensembles. This complete quantity summarizes the broad, around the globe adventure with cognitive job layout because the Eighties; it defines the cutting-edge and descriptions the way forward for this ever-developing field.Aimed on the graduate and postgraduate point, the guide of Cognitive activity layout is appropriate to classes in terms of the layout of human-technology platforms, interplay layout, cognitive engineering, and utilized business engineering.
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Example text
Although the primary purpose of such a list is to show the e-mails that have arrived recently or since the service was last used, the e-mails that have been received usually remain on the list until the user actively deletes them. In this way the list can be used to keep track of e-mails that have been received but not yet acted on. Many people, including myself, use the inbox list as a bookkeeping device and as a way of managing correspondence and activities. In this way the artefact—the e-mail system—changes the way in which I work over and above what was intended.
The second kind of decomposition comprises the identification of subgoals in any routes that may be taken to attain the overall goal state. Goals may be successively unpacked to reveal a nested hierarchy of goals and subgoals. This process of decomposition, also referred to as redescription, has the benefit, according to the general principle proposed by Chapanis (1951), of comprising an economical way of locating sources of general system error (actual or potential) in failure to attain specific subgoals.
HTA may be used for design purposes and need only be carried down to the level of equipment specificity. Team training often follows training in individual operator skills, and the analysis of team tasks may be usefully taken down to the level at which operations involve communication and collaboration between individuals. For example, in the case of interface design, the analysis might proceed only to the degree of detail prior to the physical specification of devices (Ormerod, Richardson, & Shepherd, 1998).
