By Takuji Hara: No
During this new ebook, Hara, Kambayashi and Matsushima gather jointly a suite of case reports of innovation in quite a few industries in sleek Japan, together with car, electronics, semiconductor, part, chemical, pharmaceutical and repair industries. not like different books during this quarter, this e-book specializes in a broader diversity of jap industries from the put up international conflict period to the trendy day and considers the relationships among the features of innovation and the positive factors of eastern society. those chapters display Japan’s shift from being product-oriented and household to being company system-oriented and international. in the meantime the method of innovation in Japan maintains to incorporate the tendency of taking out uncertainty via intimate in-process interplay among varied capabilities, instead of via preset rule or contracts. This ebook is going a way in hard authorized notions of eastern innovation, emphasising new and various traits and practises.
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Sample text
Thus, these institutional factors contributed to the continuous development of new antibiotics. In addition, this was beneficial from the economic point of view. The commercial success fueled the pursuit of other new antibiotics. Changes: how (and why) did the technological path wane? In the mid-1990s, there was a reduction in the pace of the development of antibiotics in Japan. The market needs were mainly responsible for this. Most infectious diseases could be successfully treated by the existing antibiotics.
This meant that the shorter the development period of a drug, the higher were its returns. This could also be one of the reasons for Japanese pharmaceutical companies being attracted to the development of antibiotics, whose development period was relatively short because society (in particular, companies, doctors, and regulators) was accustomed to them. Medical system Prescribed drugs are also unique products because it is not the consumers but the medical doctors who play a dominant role in the decision involving the choice of drug.
Third, the drug-resistant properties of bacteria created additional opportunities for new antibiotics. Therefore, new antibiotics were appropriate targets for new product development – and represented realizable targets for young and inexperienced Japanese pharmaceutical companies. The technological and institutional uncertainty of new antibiotics was relatively low. Initially, the MHW had no opposition to the development of new antibiotics by Japanese pharmaceutical companies because they were visibly different from the existing ones and also relatively safer.
