Laser Spectroscopy: Basic Concepts and Instrumentation by Professor Dr. Wolfgang Demtröder (auth.) PDF

By Professor Dr. Wolfgang Demtröder (auth.)

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This means that the image dA * of aradiation source dA never has a larger radiance than the source itself. It is true that the ftux density can be increased by demagnification. The solid angle, however, into which radiation from the image dA * is emitted is also increased by the same factor. Therefore, the radiance does not increase. 9). A strict1y parallel light beam would be emitted into the solid angle dQ = O. 9. The radianee of a souree eannot be inereased by optieal imaging 20 2. Absorption and Emission of Light which is impossible.

With increasing lls, the contrast (Imax -/min)/(Imax + Imin) decreases and vanishes if lls becomes larger than the coherence length llse (Sect. 4). Experiments show that llse is related to the spectral width llw of the incident wave by llse:::::::: cl llw = c/(2nllv) . 104) This observation may be explained as follows. A wave emitted from a point source with the spectral width llw can be regarded as a superposition of many quasi-monochromatic components with frequencies W n within the interval llw.

CD C\i CD C\i « El~----~~--~~ Fig. 4. 4). This process is called induced absorption. The prob ability per second that a molecule will absorb a photon, d9'12/ dt, is proportional to the number of photons of energy h v per unit volume and can be expressed in terms of the spectral energy density Pv(v) of the radiation field as d -:1'12 = B12P(v) . 15) The constant factor B12 is the Einstein coefficient of induced absorption. Each absorbed photon of energy h v decreases the number of photons in one mode of the radiation field by one.

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