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Sample text
Chemicals for Neutralization It may be difficult to hold a pH of 6–8 as a slight change in hydrogen concentration can bring about wide swings in pH. Acidic industrial water can be neutralized by slaked lime [also called hydrated lime, calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2], caustic soda (sodium hydroxide, NaOH), and soda ash (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3) (15). As calcium hydroxide is less expensive than others, it is commonly applied for pH neutralization. High calcium quicklime known as calcium oxide (CaO) and dolomitic quicklime (a mixture of CaO and MgO) are typical commercial limes.
These three forms of alkalinity altogether constitute total alkalinity. Alkalinity and acidity are determined by titration. 3, titration is made in two steps. 5. 3, a single titration curve is made. 5. Carbon dioxide and water together form weak carbonic acid: HCO3 − + H + → H 2 CO3 (5b) If it is assumed that carbonate species and OH− are the only chemical constituents causing alkalinity, the three forms of alkalinity can be defined based on pH. 3, all three forms of alkalinities are present. 3.
S. min-eng. html (1997). 12. H. Cho and L. G. Austin, An equation for the breakage of particles under impact, Power Technology, 132, No. 2 (2003). 13. T. W. Chenje, D. J. Simbi, and E. Navara, The role of corrosive wear during laboratory milling, Minerals Engineering, 16, No. 7 (2003). 14. Editor, A quantification of the benefits of high pressure rolls crushing in an operating environment, Minerals Engineering, 16, No. 9 (2003). 15. , Stormwater management—catch basin. Environmental Protection, 15, No.