By Jhan M. Khan (auth.), V. D. Fréchette, W. C. LaCourse, V. L. Burdick (eds.)
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Extra info for Surfaces and Interfaces of Glass and Ceramics
Example text
Electrons leaving the surface enter an electron spectroIT1eter, cOIT1IT1only of the retarding grid or the cylindrical dispersive analyzer type. The dispersive analyzer has a considerably superior signal-to-noise ratio than the retarding grid systeIT1 and offers better sensitivity and resolution at both low and high electron energies 8 . Owing to the presence of a large background of secondary and back-scattered electrons, the Auger peaks are IT10st easily resolved by operating the analyzer in a differentiating IT1ode.
The problem arises in the complexity of the experimental factors. Only after the experimental factors are carefully standardized and the necessary theoretical calculations are made can one extract quantitative information with confidence. The quantitative information is available; it merely requires careful, diligent effort in order to obtain accuracy. At present there are no completely generalized techniques to do so; therefore, investigators using AES must develop procedures which are best applicable to their own systems and surfaces.
ONODA, D. B. DOVE AND C. G. PANTANO, JR. Zlw "0"0 o 675 Electron Energy (ev) Fig. 3. Auger spectrum of commercial container glass with dual-end coating. zlw "0"0 20 min. Ion Bombarded O~---------------------------i6·75 Electron Energy (ev) Fig. 4. Auger spectrum of glass with dual-end coating after etching away the organic film (upper) and the tin oxide film (lower). SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF GLASSES 45 of such coated surfaces should lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of surface protection.
