By Nira Alperson-Afil
The manipulation of fireside via early hominins was once a turning element in our evolutionary heritage. as soon as "domesticated", hearth supplied heat, gentle and defense from predators, in addition to permitting the exploitation of a brand new diversity of meals. This booklet offers the spatial analyses of burned and unburned flint goods which offer facts for the managed use of fireplace on the 790,000-year-old Acheulian website of Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov (GBY). Clusters of burned flint, interpreted because the remnants of hearths, happen during the complete occupational series of the location. the truth that fireplace is repetitively used means that the data of fire-making and the technological abilities of the Acheulian hominins of Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov enabled them to set fireplace at will in varied environmental settings.
"Control of fireplace marks an important landmark in human evolution, delivering heat, safeguard, and lots of new meals. this significant quantity compellingly exhibits that fireplace was once already in normal use a few 800,000 years ago."John D. Speth, Museum of Anthropology, college of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
"A significant contribution to wisdom of early human fireplace background, the unearths at Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov upload immensely to the image of our early ancestors through the hearth. The authors current a painstaking and multidimensional medical research which may still persuade even sceptics of the significance of fireplace use in prehistory"John A.J. Gowlett, British Academy Centenary study venture, The Archaeology of the Social mind, UK
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Additional resources for The Acheulian Site of Gesher Benot Ya’aqov Volume II: Ancient Flames and Controlled Use of Fire
Example text
This age was in accordance with the presence of characteristic Acheulian bifacial tools, and with the fact that they exhibit a typological and technological resemblance to African Acheulian assemblages (Stekelis 1960). 5 Ma was suggested based on the radiometric dating of a distant basalt flow, which is stratigraphically located beneath the site (Goren-Inbar et al. 1992). Systematic sampling for a magnetostratigraphic study was carried out during the final season of excavations. Some 155 oriented samples have enabled reconstruction of the magnetic polarity history of 26 m of the composite section.
The site of Bizat Ruhama, situated on the eastern margin of Israel’s southern coastal plain, is dated to ca. 0 Ma (Zaidner et al. 2003). Although faunal remains were retrieved from various areas of the site, in only one area did the bones differ in color and preservation by being fragile and whitish. This feature, in addition to the presence of scant charcoal fragments in that area, suggested that the bones are burned (Ronen et al. 1998). Excavations at Tabun Cave in Mount Carmel (Israel) yielded an extensive cultural sequence of Lower and Middle Paleolithic occupations.
The evidence includes reddened and crazed burned flints, which on the basis of the TL method appear to have been exposed to temperatures above 400°C (Gowlett 2006). Exposure to temperatures of 600–800°C is suggested for the numerous charred and calcined bones from the site; such intensity of burning may be the outcome of the use of the bones as fuel (Preece et al. 2006). Burning is also observed in shells and charcoal (Preece et al. 2006). In addition, the sharply delimited dark fill with reddened sediments underneath and/or at the margins most likely represents the remnants of hearths (Gowlett 2006; Preece et al.
