By M.S. Anderson
This learn examines the early years of the post-medieval ecu states and the expansion of a recognisably 'modern' approach for dealing with their diplomacy. M S Anderson offers a lot of his house to France, Spain and England and to the country of the relatives among them, as their numerous strength performs rolled over Italy and the Low nations, yet, he additionally comprises the Northern and jap states together with Russia, Poland and the Baltic global into the most ecu political enviornment. He offers a extensive narrative of ecu politics and its impression on international relations together with the Italian Wars 1494-1559, the French Wars of faith, the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, and the relatives of Christendom and Islam with the improvement of the Ottoman empire. He additionally provides substantial realization to the impact of army and fiscal elements on diplomacy.
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Extra resources for The Origins of the Modern European State System, 1494-1618
Sample text
This was to be done partly by cutting off the supplies of essential naval stores, masts, pitch, tar and hemp, which Spain drew from the Baltic. It would also be achieved, in an even more far-reaching way, by intercepting the treasure-fleets which brought her the American silver on which her ability to pay her armies, and thus her position as the greatest European power, in part depended. This, urged the Earl of Essex, the leading advocate of such a strategy, would fatally weaken Philip II, since it would 'stop and divert his golden Indian streames .
The treasure-fleets, the most glittering prize of all, were not intercepted. English efforts to cut off supplies to her exposed Elizabeth to diplomatic pressure from Poland, Denmark and the Hanse towns of north Germany, which resented interference with their trade in naval stores and grain with the Iberian peninsula, and even to some effort at commercial retaliation from the Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolfll. 4 There were protests as well from Tuscany and Venice over English interference with their shipping, so that Leghorn, now one of the greatest Mediterranean ports, was briefly closed to English ships.
58. Idem, The Return of the Armadas: The Last Years of the Elizabethan War against Spain, 1595-1603 (Oxford, 1994), pp. 252-3. Armies and Navies 31 basic responsibilities. But contemporaries, in England or elsewhere, saw it differently. In that age, as a recent historian has said, 'In every possible way, from the supply of victuals to the planning of a campaign, the state eagerly shifted its burdens on to the shoulders of private individuals, and was not concerned that this meant sacrificing any uniform, consistent, overall control'.
